The prevalence of jade in China began in the middle of the Qing Dynasty. At that time, Emperor Qianlong used the soldiers twice in ancient Myanmar, making him surrender to Daqing as a nephew, which greatly reduced the difficulty of importing jade raw materials. From the historical relics of this period, a large number of jadeite products were unearthed. Historical records also show a large number of imported jade original stones from ancient Burma.
(The Emperor Qianlong read the picture)
(The picture shows the jade carving of the dragon in the Qing Emperor Qianlong period)
According to the "Tengyue Township" written by Jinshi Jinshi, the Qing Dynasty recorded: "Teng is the best number, the jade is full of thousands, and it is made into utensils. It is sold in various provinces." It can be seen that the top grade of Liangyu produced by Myanmar is in Yunnan. Tengchong, Ruili and other border towns have been imported into China and sent to various places. From Myanmar to Yunnan, there are often seven or eight thousand or even tens of thousands of horsemen transporting jade and jade materials. Therefore, the Yunnan border area has been operating for a long time. Formed a unique reputation for jade.
According to the statistics of Tengchong Customs, at the beginning of this century, the amount of jade imported from Myanmar in China has been amazing: 271 in 1902 (100 jin per ton, 16 two per jin), 628 in 1915 and 801 in 1917. Merchants of all walks of life, in order to get the first to get jade and jade, have come with huge sums of money. To this end, there have been predecessors swearing: "In the past, the bustling Baibao Street, Xiong Shangda Jiayu came."
(Qianlong South Tour Volume, partial map)
There are many types of jade in the Qing Dynasty, the most representative of which are the fingers and the fistula. It is said that at that time, especially in the Tongzhi and Guangxu years of the Qing Dynasty, the best gift was to set up a jadeite and a fistula.
The finger is a tool used to protect the fingers during archery, and slowly evolves into a man's ornament, showing the martial spirit of the flag. In 1996, China Jiadechun patted a piece of thumb and estimated it at 900,000 yuan. It was already a high price at that time. At that time, the jewelry market did not have jade, and most people still did not know jade.
The jadeite tube was the official of the Qing Dynasty. The officials in the Qing Dynasty attached great importance to the shackles. The flower buds represented the status, and the flowers were inserted on the sputum. The good sputum was a show.
The jade smoke pot is the same as the manipulator and the fistula. It is also used by men. Now in the Capital Museum, you can also see some of the smokers left in the palace. From the perspective of jade raw materials, the quality is not particularly good. Although the color is not bad, the water does not reach the glass, and the overall look is not full of green, green and white.
How do women in the palace of the lady look at the jade?
The Empress Dowager Cixi (1835-1908) is a woman with great power in Chinese history. Although historians have mixed opinions on her, she only observes from the perspective of a prominent woman, and Cixi is still in dressing, dressing, and health care. There are many unique things. We can see from several aspects that Cixi has a special liking for the emerald. In the picture of the Qing Dynasty, the Cixi hands are wearing green jade bracelets, which shows that in the usual life, I like the crystal and warm jade.
(A pair of Qing Dynasty green jade bamboo bracelets)
Cixi also relied on the power in his hands to ask local officials to pay tribute to the good jade. Yuehai said in the article of the Tongzhi Thirteenth Office in April of the same year: "The green jade is out of Myanmar, and the white jade is not produced in eastern Guangdong. This year, the provinces started trading in Hong Kong, and the vendors were scattered, and the non-near sellers were scarce. There are also few, only the best efforts to visit, it is difficult to follow the schedule." Guangxu period, Huai'anguan supervision Wen Gui received the establishment of the office, three pairs of green jade bamboo bracelets, green jade double happiness ear dig spoon type long é’—One, green jade double happiness ear dig spoon type long six. In the celebration of the 60th birthday of Cixi, Fuxi and others honoured the Empress Dowager Cixi's gifts, including the five pairs of fat jade, the green jade red agate, the Shouxing Xiantao, and the jade stone station. The Palace Museum also houses a jade Sendai.
The above information reflects Cixi's obsession with jade. It is said that after her death, she will also be buried with so-called jade watermelon, emerald melon and jade cabbage, so that these beloved things will always accompany her.
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