Introduction of Foreign Textile and Clothing Quality Authorities and Related Regulations and Standards

The international standards for textiles and garments are actually mostly based on standards and test method standards, and there are few product standards that everyone is concerned about. The product standards for textiles and apparel are mostly buyers' standards set by international buyers to purchase quality products during the trade process. The main buyers of textile and apparel exports in China are concentrated in the EU, the United States, and Japan, and are therefore familiar with the United States, the European Union, and Japan. Competent authorities and standards are particularly important.

The competent authorities of textile and apparel quality in foreign target markets such as Europe, the United States, Japan, and related regulations and standards

1.1 EU Textiles and Clothing Testing Standards

The EU does not have a specific standard setting body. The CEN (European Standardization Committee) mainly implements international standards, coordinates the standards of member states and formulates the necessary CEN (European standards). Most of the CEN standards are the same as the ISO standards.

EU member states have their own laws and standards, and the EU's unified laws and regulations are slightly different in terms of technical requirements and conditions. As one of the birthplaces of modern textile industry, the United Kingdom has a set of (BSBN) standards system in addition to the well-established British Standard (CBS). The German standard (DIN) is also quite severe and complete. The current control standards for hazardous substances originate from the DIN standard.

1.2 United States Product Quality Authorities and Testing Standards

American textile quality agencies and standards are: AATCC standards (American Textile Dyers and Chemists Association), ASTM standards (United States Materials Testing Association), CPSC (United States Federal Consumer Product Safety Commission) and FTC mandatory standards (US Federal Trade Committee). In addition, the U.S. has developed many technical regulations for textiles and apparel: textile fiber product inspection ordinance, wool product labeling ordinance, fur product labeling ordinance, fair packaging and labeling, fabric flammability regulations, pediatric sleeping flammability regulations, down products processing regulations. and many more.

The United States is a relatively mature market. A very important issue facing the US market is product quality certification. In other words, the key to whether or not a product can circulate in the United States is whether the product can obtain a license after being tested by an authoritative testing department in the United States. Common US textile and apparel product certification standards have the following two

(1) FTC rules

The FTC (Federal Trade Committee) is an abbreviation of the Federal Trade Commission. The FTC requires that textiles exported to the United States be marked with ingredients and protective labels, and that those textiles containing ingredients not approved by the FTC be restricted from entering the US market. The FTC will also analyze the composition of the textile to determine whether the reported composition is consistent with the actual results.

(2) INTER Spectator Center (Textiles/Clothing)

The 0NTER Testing Center performs physical testing of textiles and garments, such as fiber, chemical composition, elasticity, maintenance, flammability, coloration, fading, other chemical damage, and import quotas.

In January 2000, the U.S. Standards Consultation Center and the China Council for the Promotion of Trade reached an agreement and an agreement was reached. The U.S.-affiliated U.S. authorized laboratories authorize the Global Business Information Company under the Trade Promotion Association to represent the U.S. standard testing and certification business in Beijing. The products involved are foods, medicines, health products, cosmetics, textiles, and electronics. In this way, our country's enterprises can handle the US standard inspection business without going abroad.

1.3 Japanese Textile and Clothing Testing Standards and Technical Regulations

Japan is very critical of the quality of textiles and garments. Japanese consumers are known for being "extremely critical". Japanese consumers have reached the level of demand for perfection in the quality of clothing. Therefore, Japanese traders are very demanding about the quality of apparel products. . In the current Japanese textile market, about 70% or more of the products are produced in China. The prices of imported goods are mostly in the medium and low prices. When these goods enter Japan, traders will have a strict set of product quality standards. The basis for the review can be divided into three standards: the Japanese Industrial Standard (JISL), the Product Liability Law (p/L) and the determination of product quality standards. China's relevant companies should understand this.

(1) Japanese Industrial Standards (JIsl. Regulations)

This regulation specifies various standards and methods for the quality inspection of textiles, with detailed safety and functional standards. For example, in the JISL0217 regulations on the handling of textile products, there are clear indications as to the content requirements for the labels, warning terms, specification sizes, composition indications, and country of origin, etc. of the indication signs and other indication methods for the textile products.

(2) Product Liability Law (P/L Law)

The manufacturer shall be responsible for the loss of life or property caused by the poor manufacture of the product; when the product itself is damaged, no damage will be caused to the other person or the object, and the product shall not be investigated; When the damage caused by the accident causes damage to the consumer, the manufacturer shall pay compensation after it is confirmed; there are design problems (such as material, specifications, processing, etc.) and problems in the manufacturing process (such as due to residual Damage to the product or damage to the skin caused by residues of formalin, etc.), unclear issues (such as damage caused by consumers not knowing the product because no precautions and warnings have been used to alert consumers Wait).

(3) Determination of product quality standards

Japanese distributors can generally be divided into large department stores, hypermarkets, chain stores, mail-orderers, and trading companies that directly supply sellers. General merchandisers will report to the upper reaches of the manufacturing industry based on the above two types of laws and regulations and Japanese consumers’ complaints about the quality of the merchandise. After integrating the internal demand of the manufacturing industry, they will continue to update the product or increase the rate of goodness to a certain level. The standard.

In terms of quality standards, it is generally aimed at various types of textiles or apparel products, from the physical properties, dyeing fastness, product specifications, safety (whether the residue of pharmaceutical residues will cause injury after misuse, etc.), product appearance, sewing, etc. Aspects of their detection. Physical properties include dimensional changes, shrinkage, tensile strength, burst strength, Young's modulus (elasticity, coefficient of expansion), anti-pilling balls, fluff retention, waterproofing, hydrophilicity, wrinkle resistance, and the like. Dyeing fastness includes sun light fastness, washing resistance, rubbing resistance, dry cleaning, sublimation and the like. Special functional properties: Hygroscopic, fast drying, antibacterial, odor, anti-ultraviolet, far-infrared warmth, shape stability and so on. Product specifications include composition, density, count, etc. Product safety includes formaldehyde (formalin) content, drug residue, PH, flammability and so on. Sewing and appearance include hang tags, washing marks, etc. When these trading companies or companies import textile apparel products from China, they will enter into a set of quality inspection standards and require manufacturers to obtain qualified certifications or authorizations from designated quality inspection agencies (such as inspection companies) before they are allowed to list in Japan. Sales. In addition, Japan's inspection of broken needles requires strictness, because the Japanese government has enacted the Consumer Rights Protection Act, which is enacted in the form of legislation, and imposes heavy penalties on manufacturers and sellers who detect broken needles on textiles and clothing. Based on these requirements, in addition to conforming to the trend of the world in production and enhancing the quality of products, the market should also be put forward as soon as possible in terms of market certification, the introduction of new fabrics or new processing technologies (such as negative ion processing). Accredited inspection standards and inspection specifications to improve the product's grade.